Standard form of Linear Equations in Two Variables


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Standard form of Linear Equations in Two Variables

The Standard Form for a linear equation in two variables, x and y, is usually given as :  ax + by = c,  where a, b and c are real numbers, and a and b are not both zero.

If we have a linear equation in slope-intercept form,  y = m x + b

For example, 3x + 2y = 8 is a linear equation in two variables.

Illustration: Convert y=frac{8}{3}x+5  in standard form :

Solution :  The given equation,y=frac{8}{3}x+5 ,  

  • Place all the variables on one side : y-frac{8}{3}x=5
  • To simplify the terms, divide each term by 3:
  • ytimes 3-frac{8}{3}xtimes 3=5times 3

    We get , 3y - 8x = 15,

    So as we know,   ax + by = c is the standard form, the final answer is -8x + 3y = 15

    Convert the Slope - Intercept form into Standard Form

  • In slope intercept form , we have y = mx + c
  • In standard form, we have ax + by = c
  • So, to convert from slope intercept form y = mx + b to standard form ax + by + c = 0, let m = a/b.

    Then collect all terms on the left side of the equation and multiply by the denominator b to get rid of the fraction.

    The slope is defined to be the change in y divided by the change in x. Thus, if we express the slope as m = y change/x change or m=frac{Delta y}{Delta x} , we will have met our first demand.

    Converting from slope intercept form to standard form takes little more than basic arithmetic.

    An equation in slope intercept form has the basic structure

    y=mx+b

    y-mx=(mx-mx)+b

    y-mx=b

    y-mx-b=b-b

    y-mx-b=0

    −mx+y−b=0

    If m is an integer, then B will equal 1.

    frac{-A}{B}x+y-b=0 −Ax+By−Bb=0 −Ax+By−C=0

    Illustration:The equation of a line in slope intercept form is:

    y=frac{1}{2}x+5

    What is the equation in standard form?

    Solution:

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    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    By comparing the linear equation - 5y + 2x + 8 =0 with ax + by + c = 0, find the value of c.

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    Which is the correct standard form of the linear equation

    x-frac{y}{5}-10;=0

     

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    What is a standard form of the linear equation 7x- 21 + 2y =0?

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
     
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